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Loire-Atlantique |
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Although
technically (since 1943) no longer part of the province of Brittany,
the history of Loire-Atlantique is closely tied to everything Breton.
Historic links, geographic, cultural and economic ties all call
for it to re-become a part of the Celtic heritage; the majority
of Bretons think the département should be part
of Brittany. The conseil-général .has
been aware of this movement, and the Breton flag has been flying
in the Loire-Atlantique again for several months. Nantes was the
capital of the Dukes of Brittany, and their splendid castle stands
at the heart of the modern city; today as you enter Nantes,
a bilingual sign also carries the name Naoned.
Even La Poste is now adding 'Bretagne' to the Loire-Atlantique
postmark (below).
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Nantes
This
cosmopolitan city, with its massive medieval Castle of the Dukes
of Brittany, its medieval cathedral, its magnificent town houses
and grand streets and squares, is a delightful, vibrant and inspiring
place, teeming with students in term time. It has a lovely Japanese
garden, a wonderful Art Nouveau Brasserie - La Cigale - shops
and markets galore, and the famous River Loire running through
its centre.
An
excellent way to visit Nantes from La Roche-Bernard is to drive
the 35 minutes or so to IKEA at St-Herblain (one of the ancient
gates of the city) where there is plenty of easy parking, and
then take the lovely new tramway into the city centre. No need
to worry about parking or negotiating traffic - a great way to
see the city.
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Entrance
to the castle of the Dukes of Brittany |
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La
Cigale- spectacular Art-Nouveau brasserie |
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Bridge
over the River Loire |
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Take
a tram to the city centre |
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The
Musée des Beaux Arts is well worth a visit, with its three
famous De La Tours and a lovely Watteau; The Cathedral of St-Pierre,
so grey on the outside, is spectacularly white and clean on the
inside, and contains the very fine tomb of François II,
Duc de Bretagne and his two wives. Not far away is the Passage
Pommeraye, Nante's most elegant shopping arcade. There are two
interesting museums you might like to visit - the Musée
Jules Verne (Jules was a local lad) and the Manoir de la Touche,
with one floor devoted to Nantes in the time of the Revolution,
and another to archaeological finds from around the city.
Not
far away from Nantes are the Muscadet vineyards which you might
also like to explore.
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Saint-Nazaire is
a port and an estuary town which, while becoming a major
industrial centre, has kept the charm of the beaches and
coves of the Loire river mouth. Heavily bombed during the
World War II, this great ship-building centre has made a
notable recovery in recent years, and is now a pleasant town
concentrating, among other things, on attracting tourists.
The Germans found this to be the only Atlantic port large
enough to take battleships, and - as at Lorient - the impressive
submarine pens can be visited (pictures below). It was in
the ship-yards of St-Nazaire that the new liner Queen
Mary II was recently launched, the European Air-Bus
is built here, and there are many exciting visits to make,
such as to the submarine Espadon and
the very original Escal' Atlantic,
a re-creation of life on a massive ocean liner - it took
17 years to build this amazing project. Guests tour a complete
replica of a cruise ship: accommodations, engine room, bridge,
dining room, promenade. They even take a ride in a lifeboat
to evacuate the ship during an emergency!
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The
S637 submarine Espadon was built in 1957 by the Augustin
Normand shipyards in Le Havre, launched in 1958 and declared "fit
for active service"
on the 1st of April 1960. Today, the public is welcomed
on board for a tour of the submarine's passageways.
St-Nazaire
is also known as The Town of Twenty Beaches. Wide, fine sandy
beaches, south-facing, steep-sided coves, like the rocky inlets
of the Mediterranean, are sheltered by pine trees and holm
oaks, with wilder shores open to the west wind. Each one is
unique and offers its own delights.
Less popular nowadays, Le Petit Traict and La Grande Plage were
the first really crowded summer resort beaches in the late 19th
century, a time when "sea-bathing" became fashionable.
A casino was even built overlooking La Grande Plage (then known
as the "society beach") in 1895 on the boulevard running
along the sea front. The beach at Villès-Martin has always
been a favourite with bathers. The merest glimpse of the sun
and it is covered with parasols. But Saint-Marc is still the
most popular. Immortalised on film in "Mr Hulot's Holiday" by
Jacques Tati, this beach is overlooked by a wooden belvedere,
on which a statue of the film-maker keeps watch forever, his
eyes fixed on the sea…
And then there are the others: the quiet ones like Géorama
or Trébézy; the daring ones like Les Jaunais, where
there's no need to wear a swimsuit; the sporting ones like La
Courance where the surfers play with the waves; the family ones
like Porcé, Bonne Anse or Le Rocher du Lion.… In
Saint-Nazaire, you choose your beach to suit your mood.
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La
Baule - Pornichet - Le Poulguen - La Croisic
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La
Baule is
a charming, rather kitsch resort with a glorious nine kilometres
of golden beach; this is one of the finest resorts in France
- a great place for people-watching and for having a bowl of moules-frites while
gazing at the Atlantic Ocean. It is much-loved by Parisians,
which perhaps accounts for its very cosmopolitan air.
Pornichet,
with its Thalassotherapy centre, casino and railway station,
is the noisier end of La Baule, whereas Le
Pouliguen is more old-fashioned and quiet, with its
marina and fishing port, where you can see some old houses
and winding fishermen's lanes.
Le
Croisic,
on the Côte Sauvage, is a little gem - there is a truly
Breton feel to this tidy fishing port, which retains some lovely
old buildings from the 16th century. It looks across the salt
flats towards Guérande. There are also plenty of sea-front
restaurants and boutiques, and a fine modern Océarium
with a glass-walled tunnel so you can see sharks, rays and groupers
swimming around you.
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The
lovely port of Le Croisic |
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La
Côte Sauvage - the Savage Coast |
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Guérande
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The
name Guérande derives from the Breton language and means "White
Land" - a reference to the salt trade upon which the town
was founded. Salt used to be a most precious commodity, used
for preserving food. Roman soldiers were paid a regular wage
in salt, which is where our word 'salary' comes from (the French
for salt is 'sel'). The salt from around Guérande is still
reckoned to be some of the finest - and purest - in the world.
The main reason why Brittany historically produced hardly any
famous cheeses (apart from St-Paulin) is that with such a ready
access to salt, the Bretons could keep their butter from going
rancid. In other parts of France, they were forced to turn their
butter into cheese - apparently not the favoured option!
The
fact is that throughout history, salt--called sodium chloride
by chemists--has been such an important element of life that
it has been the subject of many stories, fables and folktales
and is frequently referenced in fairy tales. It served as money
at various times and places, and it has been the cause of bitter
warfare. Offering bread and salt to visitors, in many cultures,
is traditional etiquette.
There
is (of course!) a Museum of Salt - La Maison des Paludiers -
at Saillé, near Guérande. A paludier is
a salt-farmer. They work bare-foot in the salt-pans where they
gather two types of salt, the coarse grey salt, or gros sel,
and the fine, sparkling-white fleur ds sel, which collects
in crystals on the surface of the salt-pans. This latter, high-quality
salt is gathered with a tool called a lousse, and is
especially rich in magnesium.
The
old medieval town of Guérande is completely walled and
moated, and its streets are packed with craft shops, gift shops
and restaurants.
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La
Brière
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The
National Park known as La Brière stretches
from Herbignac, just below La Roche-Bernard, to the outskirts
of St-Nazaire, and is the second largest wetland in France, after
the Camargue. There are few main roads through the area, but
a network of canals. The whole park covers some 40,000 hectares,
with 7,000 hectares of marshland at its heart. The area is a
wonderful place for wildlife, and particularly for migrating
birds. The area is best explored in a punt with a local Breton
guide.
The
Brière has the greatest density of thatched houses in
France - there are even estates of new houses with thatched
roofs and some, rather bizarrely, have thatched garages; luckily
most of the thatched cottages are of the Devon variety.
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Markets
La
Turballe has
a good fish market most days, apart from Sunday. Place du Marché.
Guérande -
Wednesday and Saturday mornings, plus Sunday at Pradel in
July and August.
Herbignac -
Wednesday morning. Place d'Agence.
Missillac -
Wednesday morning. Place de la Gargouille.
Kerhinet -
all day Thursday in the summer. Local produce - very popular
with tourists!
Pornichet usually
has a daily fish market, but not Sundays, and a general market
Wednesday and Saturday mornings. Place du Marché.
La
Baule has
a superb covered market daily from April to September, plus other
markets Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday mornings.
Le
Pouliguen has
large markets on Tuesdays, Fridays and Sundays. Place des Halles.
Batz-sur-Mer -
Monday morning, plus Friday morning in summer. Place du Mûrier.
Le
Croisic -
covered market Thursday morning and Saturday morning, plus Tuesday
and Friday (local produce) mornings in July and August. Les Halles
and Place Dinan.
St-Nazaire -
every day except Monday.
Nantes:
Talensac -
Tuesday to Sunday.
Nantes:
Place Bouffay -
Food market, Tuesday to Sunday.
Nantes:
Place du Commerce -
Daily flower market.
Nantes:
Place de la Petite Hollande -
Saturday.
Nantes:
Place Viarme -
Flea market on Saturdays. |
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